1️⃣ SUM Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The SUM function adds multiple numbers or ranges quickly to calculate the total.
Syntax:
=SUM(number1, number2, ...)
or
=SUM(range)
Example Table
| Product | Price | Quantity | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pen | 10 | 5 | 50 |
| Notebook | 25 | 2 | 50 |
| Pencil | 5 | 10 | 50 |
| Total | =SUM(D2:D4) → 150 |
How to Use It
- Input totals in column D (
D2:D4). - Type
=SUM(D2:D4)in the total cell. - Press Enter to get the total sum.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Add sales amounts.
- Sum monthly expenses.
- Total student scores.
2️⃣ AVERAGE Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The AVERAGE function calculates the mean (average) of numbers or ranges.
Syntax:
=AVERAGE(number1, number2, ...)
or
=AVERAGE(range)
Example Table
| Student | Marks |
|---|---|
| John | 80 |
| Mary | 75 |
| Alex | 90 |
| Average | =AVERAGE(B2:B4) → 81.67 |
How to Use It
- Enter marks in column B (
B2:B4). - Type
=AVERAGE(B2:B4)to calculate average. - Press Enter to get the average score.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Find average exam marks.
- Calculate average monthly expenses.
- Analyze average sales.
3️⃣ ROUND Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The ROUND function rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
Syntax:
=ROUND(number, num_digits)
Example Table
| Value | Formula | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 123.456 | =ROUND(A2, 2) | 123.46 |
| 78.9876 | =ROUND(A3, 1) | 79.0 |
How to Use It
- Select the number to round (e.g., cell A2).
- Use formula like
=ROUND(A2, 2)to round to 2 decimal places. - Press Enter to see rounded result.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Round prices to 2 decimals.
- Round percentages for reports.
- Simplify financial data.
4️⃣ ROUNDUP / ROUNDDOWN Functions in Excel
Description / Syntax
ROUNDUP always rounds a number up; ROUNDDOWN always rounds down.
Syntax:
=ROUNDUP(number, num_digits)
=ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits)
Example Table
| Value | Formula | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 4.2 | =ROUNDUP(A2, 0) | 5 |
| 4.8 | =ROUNDDOWN(A3, 0) | 4 |
How to Use It
- Use
=ROUNDUP(A2, 0)to round up. - Use
=ROUNDDOWN(A3, 0)to round down. - Adjust
num_digitsas needed.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Round up project deadlines.
- Round down stock counts.
- Manage billing amounts.
5️⃣ PRODUCT Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The PRODUCT function multiplies numbers or ranges.
Syntax:
=PRODUCT(number1, number2, ...)
or
=PRODUCT(range)
Example Table
| Item | Price | Qty | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bag | 500 | 2 | =PRODUCT(B2, C2) → 1000 |
| Shoes | 800 | 1 | =PRODUCT(B3, C3) → 800 |
How to Use It
- Input price and quantity.
- Use
=PRODUCT(B2, C2)to multiply price × quantity. - Press Enter for the total.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Calculate total cost (price × quantity).
- Multiply factors in formulas.
- Calculate area or volume.
6️⃣ QUOTIENT Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The QUOTIENT function returns the integer part of a division (ignores remainder).
Syntax:
=QUOTIENT(numerator, denominator)
Example Table
| Days | Formula | Result (Weeks) |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | =QUOTIENT(A2, 7) | 1 |
| 21 | =QUOTIENT(A3, 7) | 3 |
How to Use It
- Use
=QUOTIENT(10,7)to get full weeks from days. - Enter numerator and denominator in the formula.
- Press Enter to see the integer division result.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Calculate full weeks from total days.
- Divide quantities ignoring leftover parts.
- Allocate resources evenly.
7️⃣ MOD Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The MOD function returns the remainder after division.
Syntax:
=MOD(number, divisor)
Example Table
| Total Items | Box Size | Formula | Remainder |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 3 | =MOD(A2, B2) | 1 |
| 25 | 4 | =MOD(A3, B3) | 1 |
How to Use It
- Use
=MOD(10,3)to get remainder. - Enter number and divisor in formula.
- Press Enter to get leftover amount.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Find leftover stock after packing.
- Schedule recurring events.
- Compute cyclical data.
8️⃣ POWER Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The POWER function raises a number to a specified exponent.
Syntax:
=POWER(number, power)
Example Table
| Number | Power | Formula | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 2 | =POWER(A2, B2) | 25 |
| 3 | 4 | =POWER(A3, B3) | 81 |
How to Use It
- Use
=POWER(5, 2)to calculate 5 squared. - Enter number and exponent.
- Press Enter to get result.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Calculate compound interest.
- Compute exponential growth.
- Solve engineering problems.
9️⃣ SQRT Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The SQRT function returns the square root of a number.
Syntax:
=SQRT(number)
Example Table
| Number | Formula | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 144 | =SQRT(A2) | 12 |
| 81 | =SQRT(A3) | 9 |
How to Use It
- Use
=SQRT(144)to find the square root. - Enter the number in the formula.
- Press Enter to see the square root.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Solve geometric problems.
- Calculate distances.
- Use in physics formulas.
🔟 ABS Function in Excel
Description / Syntax
The ABS function returns the absolute value of a number, removing any negative sign.
Syntax:
ABS(number)
Example Table
| Value | Formula | Result |
|---|---|---|
| -50 | =ABS(A2) | 50 |
| 75 | =ABS(A3) | 75 |
How to Use It
- Use
=ABS(-50)to get positive 50. - Enter the number in the formula.
- Press Enter for absolute value.
Screenshot
Real-life Uses
- Calculate distances ignoring direction.
- Show positive profit/loss values.
- Normalize data for analysis.
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