Part 1 – Arithmetic Operators

• + Addition, – Subtraction, * Multiplication, / Division, % Modulus
• Example:

<?php
$a = 10;
$b = 3;

echo $a + $b; // 13
echo $a - $b; // 7
echo $a * $b; // 30
echo $a / $b; // 3.3333
echo $a % $b; // 1
?>

Part 2 – Assignment Operators

• *=, +=, -=, =, /=
• Example:

<?php
$x = 5;
$x += 3; // x = x + 3, result: 8
$x *= 2; // x = x * 2, result: 16
?>

Part 3 – Comparison Operators

• ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• Example:

<?php
$a = 10;
$b = 5;

var_dump($a > $b); // true
var_dump($a == $b); // false
var_dump($a != $b); // true
?>

Part 4 – Logical Operators

• && AND, || OR, ! NOT
• Example:

<?php
$x = true;
$y = false;

var_dump($x && $y); // false
var_dump($x || $y); // true
var_dump(!$x);      // false
?>

Part 5 – Expressions & Real-life Example

• Expressions என்பது Operators மற்றும் Variables பயன்படுத்தி ஒரு result generate செய்யும் statement.
• Example:

<?php
$price = 100;
$tax = 0.18;
$total = $price + ($price * $tax);
echo "Total Price: $total"; // 118
?>

• Real-life usage: Bill calculation, Age check, Login validation, etc.

1️⃣ What is var_dump()?

• var_dump() is a PHP built-in function.
• It displays detailed information about a variable, including:
  • Data type (string, integer, array, boolean, etc.)
  • Value of the variable
  • Length (for strings or arrays)

It’s mainly used for debugging during development.

2️⃣ Syntax

var_dump($variable);

• $variable = any PHP variable you want to inspect.

3️⃣ Examples

Example 1 – Integer

<?php
$age = 25;
var_dump($age);
?>

Output:

int(25)

• int → data type
• 25 → value

Example 2 – String

<?php
$name = "Saravana";
var_dump($name);
?>

Output:

string(8) "Saravana"

• string → data type
• (8) → number of characters
• "Saravana" → value

Example 3 – Boolean

<?php
$isActive = true;
var_dump($isActive);
?>

Output:

bool(true)

Example 4 – Array

<?php
$colors = array("Red","Green","Blue");
var_dump($colors);
?>

Output:

array(3) {
  [0]=> string(3) "Red"
  [1]=> string(5) "Green"
  [2]=> string(4) "Blue"
}

• array(3) → 3 elements
• Shows index [0], [1], [2], type, and value of each element

4️⃣ Why use var_dump()?

1. Debugging variables: Know exactly what type and value a variable has.
2. Inspect arrays or objects: See nested structures clearly.
3. Avoid errors: Check before using variables in calculations or functions.

Tip: You can also use print_r() to display arrays, but var_dump() gives more detailed info, including types.

• Outline of PHP
• PHP Operators & Expressions | PHP Tutorial in Tamil
• PHP Basics in Tamil: Conditional Statements (if, else, elseif, switch)
• PHP Basics in Tamil: Loops (for, while, do-while, foreach)