Author: Saravana Kumar

Tally Prime – Ledgers and Groups

What is a Ledger?

Ledger is like a detailed record or account that tracks all transactions related to a specific item or entity.
Think of it as a notebook where you write down everything that happens related to one thing, like all the money you spend on rent or all the sales you make.

Examples:

Cash Ledger: Tracks all cash transactions (money coming in and going out).
Sales Ledger: Tracks all the sales made by the business.
Salary Ledger: Tracks the payments made to employees.

What is a Group?

Group is a category that helps organize ledgers in Tally Prime.
It’s like a folder where similar types of ledgers are kept together. This makes it easier to manage and find them.
Groups help Tally Prime understand what kind of transactions are recorded in each ledger.

Examples:

Capital Account: This is a group of ledgers involving owners’ investment in the business.
Sundry Debtors: These are the various individuals or firms from whom the business has to recover.
Fixed Assets: A group containing ledgers for items owned by the business, like furniture or any type of machinery.

Why Use Ledgers and Groups?

Organized Record-Keeping: By using ledgers and groups, you can keep your financial records organized and easy to understand.
Accurate Reporting: Tally Prime can generate accurate financial reports, like balance sheets and profit & loss statements, based on the information in ledgers.
Simplifies Management: Groups help you manage similar accounts together, making it easier to analyze the financial health of the business.

Ledgers as a Diary:

This is how one can understand what a ledger is. A ledger is just like a diary where one writes everything concerning a particular subject. For example, you have a daily journal where you write down all your daily expenses. For example, you have a daily journal in which you write down all your expenses each day. Every page may be allocated to various spends one makes, such as food, travel, or entertainment.

Groups as Categories:

Now, these pages in your diary will be divided based on sections or categories. For example, you can have “Food,” another “Travel,” and another “Entertainment.” Then within each category, there are those sheets of pages where you write down the specifics.
In accounting, these categories are termed “Groups”, with the sheets being “Ledgers.”

Example:

For example, one group could be “Expenses,” while sub-ledgers might include “Rent,” “Groceries,” or “Utilities.” All the transactions related to each particular expense would then be noted in its corresponding ledger.

Expenses (Group)
├── Rent (Ledger)
├── Salary (Ledger)
└── Utilities (Ledger)

In Tally Prime, there are a total of 28 predefined groups. These groups are used to classify and organize ledgers according to their nature and purpose. Here’s a breakdown:

15 Primary Groups

These are the main groups under which all other groups and ledgers are classified.

Capital Account
Reserves & Surplus
Loans (Liability)
Current Liabilities
Current Assets
Fixed Assets
Investments
Branch/Divisions
Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)
Suspense Account
Sales Accounts
Purchase Accounts
Direct Incomes
Direct Expenses
Indirect Incomes

13 Subgroups

These subgroups are categorized under the primary groups:

Sundry Creditors (Under Current Liabilities)
Sundry Debtors (Under Current Assets)
Cash-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)
Bank Accounts (Under Current Assets)
Loans & Advances (Asset) (Under Current Assets)
Duties & Taxes (Under Current Liabilities)
Provisions (Under Current Liabilities)
Stock-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)
Deposits (Asset) (Under Current Assets)
Secured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))
Unsecured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))
Branch/Division (Under Capital Account)
Suspense Account (Under Current Liabilities)

Custom Groups

You can also create custom groups based on specific business needs. These custom groups can be placed under any of the primary groups listed above.

Activity :

After Company Creation > Gateway to Tally > Under Masters > H: Chart of Accounts > Groups :

Here’s a detailed explanation of all 28 groups in Tally Prime, along with examples of ledgers that fall under each group:

1. Capital Account

Purpose: Tracks the owner’s equity or investment in the business and any withdrawals.
Examples:
- Capital Ledger: Represents the owner’s investment.
- Drawings Ledger: Tracks money withdrawn by the owner for personal use.
- Amutha Capital a/c
- Owner Name Capital A/c

2. Reserves & Surplus

Purpose: Represents accumulated profits retained in the business or any reserves.
Examples:
- General Reserve Ledger: A reserve fund for future contingencies.
- Profit & Loss Account: If there’s a profit carried forward from previous years.

3. Loans (Liability)

Purpose: Tracks borrowed funds that the business needs to repay.
Examples:
- Bank Loan Ledger: Records loans taken from banks.
- Debenture Ledger: Tracks money raised through debentures.

4. Current Liabilities

Purpose: Represents short-term obligations or debts that the business must pay within a year.
Examples:
- Sundry Creditors Ledger: Money owed to suppliers or vendors.
- Outstanding Expenses Ledger: Expenses that have been incurred but not yet paid.

5. Current Assets

Purpose: Represents assets that can be converted into cash within a year.
Examples:
- Sundry Debtors Ledger: Tracks amounts receivable from customers.
- Cash Ledger: Records all cash transactions.

6. Fixed Assets

Purpose: Represents long-term assets that the business owns, like property, machinery, etc.
Examples:
- Building Ledger: Tracks the value of buildings owned.
- Machinery Ledger: Represents the value of machinery used in the business.

7. Investments

Purpose: Tracks investments made by the business in other companies, stocks, bonds, etc.
Examples:
- Shares Ledger: Records the purchase of shares in other companies.
- Government Bonds Ledger: Tracks investments in government bonds.

8. Branch/Divisions

Purpose: Used to track accounts for different branches or divisions within the same company.
Examples:
- Branch A Ledger: Records transactions specific to Branch A.
- Division 1 Ledger: Tracks transactions related to a specific division within the company.

9. Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)

Purpose: Represents expenses that are deferred and written off over a period of time.
Examples:
- Preliminary Expenses Ledger: Records expenses incurred during the formation of the company.
- Deferred Revenue Expenditure Ledger: Expenses to be written off gradually.

10. Suspense Account

Purpose: Used temporarily for transactions where the correct ledger is not yet determined.
Examples:
- Suspense Ledger: Any uncertain or incomplete transactions are recorded here temporarily.

11. Sales Accounts

Purpose: Tracks income earned from selling goods or services.
Examples:
- Domestic Sales Ledger: Records sales made within the country.
- Export Sales Ledger: Tracks sales made to customers outside the country.
- Sales A/c
- Cash Sales A/c
- Credit Sales A/c

12. Purchase Accounts

Purpose: Tracks the cost of goods or services purchased by the business.
Examples:
- Local Purchases Ledger: Records purchases made from local suppliers.
- Import Purchases Ledger: Tracks purchases made from foreign suppliers.
- Purchase A/c
- Cash Purchase A/c
- Cash Sales A/c
- Purchase Return A/c

13. Direct Incomes

Purpose: Represents income directly related to the core business activities.
Examples:
- Commission Received Ledger: Tracks commission earned from sales.
- Service Income Ledger: Records income from services provided.
- Professional Charges A/c
- Consulting Fees A/c
- Service Charges A/c

14. Direct Expenses

Purpose: Represents expenses directly related to the production or purchase of goods.
Examples:
- Freight Inwards Ledger: Tracks transportation costs for bringing goods into the business.
- Raw Material Ledger: Records the cost of raw materials used in production.
- Carriage inwards A/c
- Wages A/c

15. Indirect Incomes

Purpose: Represents income from activities not directly related to the primary business operations.
Examples:
- Interest Received Ledger: Tracks interest earned on deposits or investments.
- Rental Income Ledger: Records income from renting out property or equipment.
- Rent Received A/c
- Interest Received A/c
- Commission Received A/c

16. Indirect Expenses

Purpose: Represents expenses not directly related to the production of goods but necessary for running the business.
Examples:
- Rent Ledger: Tracks payments made for renting office space.
- Salary Ledger: Records payments made to employees.
- Telephone Charges A/c
- Bank Charges A/c
- Rent Charges A/c
- Electricity Expenses

17. Sundry Creditors (Under Current Liabilities)

Purpose: Tracks amounts owed to suppliers or vendors.
Examples:
- Raja Suppliers Ledger: Records money owed to Raja Suppliers.
- Kumar Traders Ledger: Tracks amounts payable to Kumar Traders.
- Balram A/c
- Rajan A/c

18. Sundry Debtors (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Tracks money receivable from customers who purchased goods or services on credit.
Examples:
- Suresh & Co Customer Ledger: Records amounts receivable from Customer Suresh & Co
- Ramu A/c Ledger: Tracks money owed by Ramu A/c

19. Cash-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Tracks all cash transactions of the business.
Examples:
- Main Cash Ledger: Records cash held by the business.
- Petty Cash Ledger: Tracks small cash expenses.

20. Bank Accounts (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Tracks all transactions related to bank accounts.
Examples:
- HDFC Bank Ledger: Records transactions with HDFC Bank.
- ICICI Bank Ledger: Tracks transactions with ICICI Bank.

21. Loans & Advances (Asset) (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Represents loans given by the business to others.
Examples:
- Advance to Supplier Ledger: Records advance payments made to suppliers.
- Loan to Employee Ledger: Tracks loans given to employees.

22. Duties & Taxes (Under Current Liabilities)

Purpose: Tracks amounts related to taxes and duties payable to the government.
Examples:
- GST Ledger: Records Goods and Services Tax collected and payable.
- Income Tax Ledger: Tracks the business’s income tax liability.

23. Provisions (Under Current Liabilities)

Purpose: Represents amounts set aside for future expenses or liabilities.
Examples:
- Provision for Taxation Ledger: Tracks amounts set aside for tax payments.
- Provision for Doubtful Debts Ledger: Records provisions made for bad debts.

24. Stock-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Tracks the value of goods in stock.
Examples:
- Finished Goods Ledger: Records the value of finished goods in inventory.
- Raw Materials Ledger: Tracks the value of raw materials in stock.

25. Deposits (Asset) (Under Current Assets)

Purpose: Represents deposits made by the business that are expected to be returned.
Examples:
- Security Deposit Ledger: Tracks deposits given for securing premises or equipment.
- Fixed Deposit Ledger: Records fixed deposits made with banks.

26. Secured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))

Purpose: Tracks loans that are backed by collateral or security.
Examples:
- Mortgage Loan Ledger: Records loans taken against property.
- Car Loan Ledger: Tracks loans secured against a vehicle.

27. Unsecured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))

Purpose: Tracks loans that are not backed by any collateral.
Examples:
- Personal Loan Ledger: Records personal loans taken by the business.
- Overdraft Ledger: Tracks overdraft facilities provided by banks.

28. Branch/Division (Under Capital Account)

Purpose: Tracks accounts for different branches or divisions within the same company.
Examples:
- Branch A Capital Ledger: Records the capital allocated to Branch A.
- Division 1 Capital Ledger: Tracks the capital allocated to a specific division.

Group	Ledger Name	Purpose
Capital Account	Capital	Owner’s investment in the business.
Capital Account	Drawings	Owner’s withdrawals for personal use.
Capital Account	Partner A Capital	Capital contribution by Partner A.
Capital Account	Partner B Capital	Capital contribution by Partner B.
Reserves & Surplus	General Reserve	Accumulated profits set aside for future use.
Reserves & Surplus	Profit & Loss A/C	Profits or losses carried forward.
Reserves & Surplus	Retained Earnings	Profits retained in the business.
Reserves & Surplus	Dividend Reserve	Amount reserved for dividend distribution.
Loans (Liability)	Bank Loan	Loans taken from banks.
Loans (Liability)	Debentures	Funds raised through debentures.
Loans (Liability)	Loan from Directors	Loans taken from company directors.
Loans (Liability)	Mortgage Loan	Loans secured against property.
Current Liabilities	Sundry Creditors	Amounts payable to suppliers or vendors.
Current Liabilities	Outstanding Expenses	Expenses incurred but not yet paid.
Current Liabilities	Duties & Taxes	Taxes payable (e.g., GST, VAT).
Current Liabilities	Salary Payable	Salaries due but not yet paid.
Current Liabilities	TDS Payable	Tax Deducted at Source yet to be paid to the government.
Current Liabilities	GST Payable	Goods and Services Tax payable.
Current Liabilities	Professional Tax Payable	Professional tax due for payment.
Current Liabilities	Provident Fund Payable	Provident fund contributions due.
Current Assets	Sundry Debtors	Money receivable from customers.
Current Assets	Cash	Tracks all cash transactions.
Current Assets	HDFC Bank A/C	Transactions related to HDFC Bank.
Current Assets	ICICI Bank A/C	Transactions related to ICICI Bank.
Current Assets	Advance to Suppliers	Payments made in advance to suppliers.
Current Assets	Prepaid Insurance	Insurance premiums paid in advance.
Current Assets	Prepaid Rent	Rent paid in advance.
Current Assets	Petty Cash	Small cash expenses.
Current Assets	Advances to Employees	Money advanced to employees.
Current Assets	Bills Receivable	Bills that are due for payment from customers.
Current Assets	Fixed Deposit	Money deposited in fixed-term accounts.
Current Assets	Investments in Shares	Investments in company shares.
Fixed Assets	Building	Value of buildings owned by the business.
Fixed Assets	Machinery	Value of machinery used in the business.
Fixed Assets	Furniture & Fixtures	Value of office furniture and fixtures.
Fixed Assets	Computers	Value of computers and IT equipment.
Fixed Assets	Vehicles	Value of vehicles owned by the business.
Fixed Assets	Office Equipment	Value of office equipment (e.g., printers, fax machines).
Fixed Assets	Land	Value of land owned by the business.
Fixed Assets	Air Conditioning Equipment	Value of AC units installed in the office.
Fixed Assets	Tools & Equipment	Value of tools used in manufacturing or operations.
Investments	Shares in ABC Ltd.	Investment in shares of ABC Ltd.
Investments	Mutual Funds	Investments in mutual funds.
Investments	Government Bonds	Investments in government bonds.
Investments	Fixed Deposits	Fixed deposits with banks.
Investments	Real Estate Investment	Investments in real estate properties.
Investments	Investment in Subsidiary Company	Investment in a subsidiary company.
Investments	Investment in Partnership Firm	Investments in a partnership business.
Sales Accounts	Local Sales	Income from sales within the country.
Sales Accounts	Export Sales	Income from sales outside the country.
Sales Accounts	Sales of Services	Income from services provided.
Sales Accounts	Sales of Goods	Income from the sale of goods.
Sales Accounts	Sales Returns	Returns of sold goods.
Purchase Accounts	Local Purchases	Cost of goods purchased from local suppliers.
Purchase Accounts	Import Purchases	Cost of goods purchased from foreign suppliers.
Purchase Accounts	Purchase of Raw Materials	Cost of raw materials purchased for production.
Purchase Accounts	Purchase of Office Supplies	Cost of office supplies purchased.
Purchase Accounts	Purchase Returns	Returns of purchased goods.
Purchase Accounts	Freight Inwards	Cost of transportation for purchased goods.
Direct Incomes	Commission Received	Income from commissions earned on sales.
Direct Incomes	Service Income	Income from services provided.
Direct Incomes	Royalty Income	Income from royalties.
Direct Incomes	Interest on Loans Given	Interest earned on loans provided by the business.
Direct Incomes	Dividend Received	Dividends received from investments.
Direct Expenses	Freight Inwards	Transportation costs for bringing goods into the business.
Direct Expenses	Raw Material Purchases	Costs of raw materials used in production.
Direct Expenses	Power & Fuel	Expenses for power and fuel used in production.
Direct Expenses	Wages	Wages paid to labor directly involved in production.
Direct Expenses	Factory Rent	Rent for factory premises.
Indirect Incomes	Interest Received	Income from interest earned on deposits.
Indirect Incomes	Rental Income	Income from renting out property or equipment.
Indirect Incomes	Miscellaneous Income	Income from other sources not directly related to core business.
Indirect Incomes	Profit on Sale of Assets	Gain from the sale of fixed assets.
Indirect Incomes	Discount Received	Discounts received on purchases.
Indirect Expenses	Rent	Expenses related to renting office space.
Indirect Expenses	Salary	Payments made to employees.
Indirect Expenses	Office Expenses	General office expenses (e.g., stationery, utilities).
Indirect Expenses	Telephone Expenses	Costs of telephone and internet services.
Indirect Expenses	Travel Expenses	Expenses for business travel.
Indirect Expenses	Advertising Expenses	Costs related to marketing and advertising.
Indirect Expenses	Professional Fees	Payments made to professionals (e.g., lawyers, accountants).
Indirect Expenses	Insurance Premium	Costs of insurance for business assets.
Indirect Expenses	Repairs & Maintenance	Costs of maintaining and repairing business assets.
Indirect Expenses	Bad Debts	Amounts written off as unrecoverable debts.
Branch/Divisions	Branch A	Tracks transactions specific to Branch A.
Branch/Divisions	Branch B	Tracks transactions specific to Branch B.
Branch/Divisions	Division 1	Records transactions related to Division 1.
Branch/Divisions	Division 2	Records transactions related to Division 2.
Miscellaneous Expenses	Preliminary Expenses	Expenses incurred during the formation of the company.
Miscellaneous Expenses	Deferred Revenue Expenditure	Expenses to be written off gradually over time.
Miscellaneous Expenses	Promotional Expenses	Expenses for promoting new products or services.
Miscellaneous Expenses	Legal Fees	Legal costs that are amortized over time.
Secured Loans	Mortgage Loan	Loans secured against property.
Secured Loans	Car Loan	Loans secured against a vehicle.
Secured Loans	Equipment Loan	Loans secured against business equipment.
Secured Loans	Term Loan	Secured long-term loan.
Unsecured Loans	Personal Loan	Loans taken without any collateral.
Unsecured Loans	Overdraft	Bank overdraft facility.
Unsecured Loans	Loan from Friends	Unsecured loans taken from friends.
Unsecured Loans	Loan from Relatives	Unsecured loans taken from relatives.
Suspense Account	Suspense	Temporary account for uncertain or incomplete transactions.
Stock-in-Hand	Finished Goods	Value of goods that are ready for sale.
Stock-in-Hand	Raw Materials	Value of raw materials held in inventory.
Stock-in-Hand	Work in Progress	Value of unfinished goods in the production process.
Stock-in-Hand	Packing Materials	Value of materials used for packing goods.
Deposits (Asset)	Security Deposit	Deposits made for securing premises or equipment.
Deposits (Asset)	Fixed Deposit	Money deposited in fixed-term accounts.
Deposits (Asset)	Rental Deposit	Deposit paid for renting premises.
Deposits (Asset)	Telephone Deposit	Deposit paid for telephone services.

August 8, 2024

Golden Rules of Accounting
Type of Accounts
1. Personal Account -it represents people, businesses, or other organizations.
  - State Bank of India A/c (Bank Name)
  - Sri Ram Capital A/c (Investor)
  - Raja A/c (Supplier Name)
  - Kumar A/c (Customer Name)
2. Real A/c – it Represents Goods (Items) and Assets
  - Cash A/c ,
  - Furniture A/c,
  - Goods A/c
  - Purchase of Goods A/c ( Purchase A/c)
  - Sales of Goods A/c, (Sales A/c)
  - Credit Sales A/c,
  - Computer A/c,
  - Machinery Purchase A/c ,
3. Nominal A/c – It represents Income ,Gains,Expenses, Losses
  - Rent Paid ,
  - Salary Paid ,
  - Telephone Charges
  - Wages A/c ,
  - Fees Received ,
  - Interest Received
  - Depreciation A/c , Etc.
1. Sri Ram Started Business with a Capital of 50,000
  - Sri Ram Capital A/c (Personal Account)
  - Cash A/c (Real Account)
2. Bought Computer for cash 10,000
  - Computer A/c ( Real A/c)
  - Cash A/c (Real A/c)
3. Purchase Goods from Ramesh Rs.5000
  - Purchase Goods A/c ( Real Accounts) – it represents Goods / Products/ Items
  - Cash A/c (Real Account)
4. Bought Goods from Ramesh A/c on credit for 10,000.
  - Ramesh A/c (Person A/c)
  - Credit Purchase A/c ( Real Account)
5. Rs.2000 Deposited into SBI A/c
  - SBI A/c ( Persona Accounts)
  - Cash A/c (Real Accounts
6. Telephone Charges Paid by Cash Rs.1500
  - Telephone Charges (Nominal Account)
  - Cash A/c ( Real Account
Golden Rules Accounts
1. Personal Account – Debit the Receiver , Credit the Giver
2. Real Accounts- Debit What Comes is – Credit what Goes Out
3. Nominal Account- Debit All Expenses and Losses , Credit All incomes and Gains
Examples :

Sri Ram Commenced Business with a Capital of 50,000.

Sri Ram Capital A/c Cash A/c
Personal A/c Real Account
Credit the Giver Debit What Comes In
Cr. Sri Ram Capital A/c ……………. 50,000 Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 50.000

He Deposited into SBI A/c from Cash Rs.5000

SBI A/c Cash A/c
Personal A/c Real Account
Debit the Receiver Credit What Goes Out
Dr. SBI A/c ……………. 5,000 Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 5,000

Purchase Goods from Cash A/c Rs.1000

Purchase Goods A/c Cash A/c
Real A/c Real Account
Debit What Comes into Business Credit What Goes Out from Business
Dr. Purchase Goods A/c……………. 1,000 Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 1,000

Purchase Goods from Ganesh Supplier Rs.1000

Purchase Goods A/c Ganesh A/c
Real A/c Personal Account
Debit What Comes into Business Credit the Giver
Dr. Purchase Goods A/c……………. 1,000 Dr. Ganesh A/c……….. 1,000

Telephone Charges Paid from cash 1200

Telephone Charges Cash A/c
Nominal A/c Real Account
Debit All Expenses and Losses Credit What Goes Out from Business
Dr. Telephone Charges A/c……………. 1,200 Cr. Cash A/c……….. 1,200

Interest Received from SBI A/c 2500

SBI A/c Interest Received A/c
Personal A/c Nominal Account
Debit the Receiver Credit all Incomes and Gains
Dr. SBI A/c……………. 1,200 Cr.Interest Received A/c……….. 2,500

Paid to Ganesh (Supplier) – Rs. 1000

Ganesh Supplier A/c Cash A/c
Personal A/c Real Account
Debit the Receiver Credit What Goes Out
Dr. Ganesh Supplier A/c……………. 1,000 Cr. Cash A/c……….. 1,000
August 6, 2024
Tally Prime 4.0 Installation Step by Step
Installation of Tally Prime will require one to download the software, run it, and then configure it to one’s needs. Downloading and installing Tally Prime is a very easy exercise, and the steps are given here:

Step 1 :

Create a new folder named ‘My Company Data’ or any other name to store the company data created using Tally Prime.

Step 2 : Now Go https://tallysolutions.com

Step 3 : Click Download Button
Step 4 : Click Download Button

Step 5 : After downloading, right-click the setup file and click ‘Open’ as shown in the screen below.

Step 6 : . Now, a screen will be shown asking ‘Do you want to allow this app to make changes to your device?’” Click Yes

Step 7 : in Tally Prime Setup Manager –> Click Install

Step 8 : Click : Start Tally Prime

Step 9 : If the Windows Security Alert window appears, please click the ‘Allow Access’ button

Step 10 : You must change the company data path from C:\ to another drive because C:\ contains Windows operating system files. If the OS gets corrupted, C:\ will be affected first. Therefore, change the data path to D:, E:, or any other drive except C:.

Click Configure > Click Company Data Path > Select from Drive > Select D:\ > Select My Company Data Folder (Already Created Folder Mentioned in Step 1) > Click Enter Three Times >

Step 11 : Finally you can see the below screen Company Data Path : D:\ My Company Data Click Enter

Step 12: Press Escape Key Twice up to see the below screen

Step : 13 Now Click Accept (Note : Company Data Path : D:\ My Company Data)

Step : 14 Now Click Try it For Free(Educational)

Step : 15 Finally, you will see the screen below. Click ‘Create Company’.

Step 16:

Enter the company name, address, state, and other details as shown in the screen below. You can skip some fields such as mobile, fax, website, etc. Finally, press Enter repeatedly until you see the ‘Accept’ prompt. Select ‘Yes’ or press Ctrl + A after entering the ‘Books Beginning from’ date.”

Step 17:

“Now that the company has been created successfully, you will see a screen as shown below. On this screen, select ‘No’ for ‘Maintain Inventory’ and set ‘Enable Goods and Services Tax (GST)’ to ‘No’ because we will enter some transactions without GST and items.”

Press CTRL + A to Complete

Step 18:

Now, the Gateway of Tally is displayed. It contains screens for Master Entry, Transactions, Reports, and more. To exit from this screen, press the Escape key repeatedly or Click Quit Button or click the ‘X’ button to close Tally Prime.

Step 19:

Now, go to the D:\ My Company Data. You will see the company data folder as shown in the screen below.”

Step 20 : “How to open Tally Prime with my company?

in Desktop or Startup Menu > Click Tally Prime or Right Click > Open > Again click Educational Mode

Step : 20 The company that was already created is now opened automatically.

Step 21: Let us see how to alter company details and shut the company.”

Press F3 Key to Alter or Close Company

Now you will see the screen.

Click ‘Alter Company’ to change the company’s basic information, as seen in Step No. 16.

After changing the company data, press Ctrl + A to accept the changes.

To Shut Company:

Exercise:
1. Create Two Companies:
  - Create two companies named ABC Pvt Ltd and Golden India with some address details.
2. Open the Folder:
  - Navigate to the folder My New Company Folder.
3. Open and Alter ABC Pvt Ltd:
  - Open ABC Pvt Ltd.
  - Alter the company data by changing the name from ABC Pvt Ltd to ABC Private Limited.
  - Save the changes and close ABC Private Limited.
4. Open and Alter Golden India:
  - Open Golden India.
  - Alter the company data by changing the company name and setting the Books Beginning From date to 1-Aug-2024.
  - Save the changes and close Golden India.
5. Open ABC Private Limited:
  - Finally, open ABC Private Limited.
6. Exit from Tally:
  - Exit from Tally Prime.
You can now see the new folders in My Company Data.

Thanks for reading! If you liked these examples with images, please share this link.

If you have any doubts, please leave comments.

In the next session, we will learn how to create ledgers and explore accounting vouchers. Keep watching!

Thanks,

C. Saravanakumar

www.youtube.com/goldensaravana
August 3, 2024
C Programming – Operators – Part 1
- Ex 1 : Modulo (%) Operator
- Ex 2 : Arithmetic Operations (Integer Values)
- Ex 3 : Arithmetic Operations (Float Values)
- Ex 4 : Arithmetic Operation (With Using Variable)
- Ex 5 : Addition Operator (Character Variable)
- Ex 6 : To get student mark with out scanf function-I
- Ex 7 : To get student mark with out scanf function-II
- Ex 8 : To get student mark with scanf function-III
- Ex 9 : Area of Circle
- Ex 10 :Salary Calculation
- Ex 11 :Conversion-kilometer to Centimeter,feet,inches,meter
- Ex 12 :Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature conversion :
- Ex 13 :Write a program to interchange values
- Ex 14 :To Sum of Digits (3 Digit Number)
Example : 1 Modulo (%) Operator;

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();
a=7;
b=2;
c=a%b;
printf(“Ans=%d”,c);
c=a/b;
printf(“Ans=%d”,c);
getch();
}

Output :

Ans=1
Ans=3

Go Top

Example : 2 Arithmetic Operations (Integer Values)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=7,b=2;
clrscr();
printf(“\nSum of A,B=%d”,a+b);
printf(“\nSubtraction of A,B=%d”,a-b);
printf(“\nMultiplication of A,B=%d”,a*b);
printf(“\nDivision of A,B=%d”,a/b);
printf(“\nModulo Division of A,B=%d”,a%b);
printf(“\nAll Arithmetic Operations of A,B =%d”,((a+b)*(a-b)/5)%2);
getch();
}

Output :

Sum of A,B=9
Subtraction of A,B=5
Multiplication of A,B=14
Division of A,B=3
Modulo Division of A,B=1
All Arithmatic Operations of A,B =1

Go Top

Example : 3 Arithmetic Operations (Float Values)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float a=7,b=2;
clrscr();
printf(“\nSum of A,B=%f”,a+b);
printf(“\nSum of A,B=%.2f”,a+b);
printf(“\nSubtraction of A,B=%.2f”,a-b);
printf(“\nMultiplication of A,B=%.2f”,a*b);
printf(“\nDivision of A,B=%.2f”,a/b);

/* This line not worked ————–

printf(“\nModulo Division of A,B=%.2f”,a%b);

———————————–*/

printf(“\nAll Arithmatic Operations of A,B =%.2f”,(a+b)*(a-b)/5);
getch();
}

Output :

Sum of A,B=9.000000
Sum of A,B=9.00
Subtraction of A,B=5.00
Multiplication of A,B=14.00
Division of A,B=3.50
All Arithmatic Operations of A,B =9.00

Go Top

Example : 4 Arithmetic Operation (With Using Variable)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,sum,sub,mult,div,remind;
clrscr();
a=10;
b=3;
sum=a+b;
sub=a-b;
mult=a*b;
div=a/b;
remind=a%b;
printf(“\nSum = %d”,sum);
printf(“\nSubtraction = %d”,sub);
printf(“\nMultiplication = %d”,mult);
printf(“\nDivision=%d”,div);
printf(“\nModulo Division = %d”,remind);
getch();
}

Output :

Sum = 13
Subtraction = 7
Multiplication = 30
Division=3
Modulo Division = 1

Go Top

Example : 5 Addition Operator (Character Variable)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char c1,c2;
clrscr();
c1=’a’;
c2=’b’;
printf(“\n%d”,c1); /* It Prints ascii value of a */
printf(“\n%d”,c2);
printf(“\n%d”,c1+c2);
getch();
}

Output :

97
98
195

Go Top

Example : 6 To get student mark with out scanf function-I

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float m1,m2,m3;
clrscr();
m1=80;
m2=90;
m3=100;
printf(“\nSum of Marks = %.2f”,m1+m2+m3);
printf(“\nAverage of Marks = %.2f”,(m1+m2+m3)/3);
getch();
}

Output :

Sum of Marks = 270.00
Average of Marks = 90.00

Go Top

Example : 7 To get student mark with out scanf function-II

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float m1,m2,m3,tot,avrg;
clrscr();
m1=80;
m2=90;
m3=100;
tot=m1+m2+m3;
avrg=tot/3;
printf(“\nSum of Marks = %.2f”,tot);
printf(“\nAverage of Marks = %.2f”,avrg);
getch();
}

Output :

Sum of Marks = 270.00
Average of Marks = 90.00

Go Top

Example : 8 To get student mark with scanf function-III

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float m1,m2,m3,tot,avrg;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Mark 1=”);
scanf(“%f”,&m1);
printf(“\nEnter Mark 2=”);
scanf(“%f”,&m2);
printf(“\nEnter Mark 3=”);
scanf(“%f”,&m3);
tot=m1+m2+m3;
avrg=tot/3;
printf(“\nSum of Marks = %.2f”,tot);
printf(“\nAverage of Marks = %.2f”,avrg);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter Mark 1=100
Enter Mark 2=90
Enter Mark 3=100

Sum of Marks = 290.00
Average of Marks = 96.67

Go Top

Example : 9 Area of Circle :

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float radius,area;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Radius of Circle : “);
scanf(“%f”,&radius);
area=3.14*radius*radius;
printf(“\nArea of Circle = %.2f”,area);
getch();
}

Output :

EEnter Radius of Circle : 2
Area of Circle = 12.56

Go Top

Example : 10 Salary Calculation :

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float salary,allowance,deduction;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Ganesh’s Basic Salary = “);
scanf(“%f”,&salary);
allowance=salary*(10.0/100); /* 10% of Basic Salary */
deduction=salary*(20.0/100); /* 3% of Basic Salary */
printf(“\nAllowance of Salary Rs.=%.2f”,allowance);
printf(“\nDeduction of Salary Rs.=%.2f”,deduction);
printf(“\nNet Salary = %.2f”,salary+allowance-deduction);
getch();
}

Output : 1

Enter Ganesh’s Basic Salary = 2000

Allowance of Salary Rs.=200.00
Deduction of Salary Rs.=400.00
Net Salary = 1800.00

Go Top

Example : 11 Conversion kilometer to Centimeter,feet,inches,meter.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float km;
clrscr();
printf(“Enter Kilometer Value = “);
scanf(“%f”,&km);
printf(“\n%.2f Kilo Meter = %.2f Centimeter”,km,100000*km);
printf(“\n%.2f Kilo Meter = %.2f Feet”,km,km*3280.839895);
printf(“\n%.2f Kilo Meter = %.2f Inches”,km,km*39370.07874);
printf(“\n%.2f Kilo Meter = %.2f Meter”,km,km*1000);
getch();
}
/*
Note :
1 Km = 1000 meter
1 Km = 3280.839 895 feet
1 kilometer = 39370.078 74 inch
1 kilometer = 100000 centimeter
*/

Output :

Enter Kilometer Value = 3

3.00 Kilo Meter = 300000.00 Centimeter
3.00 Kilo Meter = 9842.52 Feet
3.00 Kilo Meter = 118110.24 Inches
3.00 Kilo Meter = 3000.00 Meter

Go Top

Example : 12 Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature conversion :

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float fh,cel;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Faherenheit Value = “);
scanf(“%f”,&fh);
cel= ((fh-32)/9.0 )*5;
printf(“\nCelsius Value = %.2f”,cel);
getch();
}

/* Note :

To convert Fahrenheit temperatures into Celsius:

* Begin by subtracting 32 from the Fahrenheit number.
* Divide the answer by 9.
* Then multiply that answer by 5.
*/

Output :

Enter Faherenheit Value = 50

Celsius Value = 10.00

Go Top

Example : 13 Write a program to interchange values

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,t;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter First Value = “);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
printf(“\nEnter Second Value = “);
scanf(“%d”,&b);
printf(“\nBefore Swap a = %d,b=%d”,a,b);
t=b;
b=a;
a=t;
printf(“\nAfter Swap a=%d,b=%d”,a,b);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter First Value = 2
Enter Second Value = 3

Before Swap a = 2,b=3
After Swap a=3,b=2

Go Top

Example : 14 To Sum of Digits (3 Digit Number)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int n,s=0;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Three Digit Value”);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
s=s+(n%10);
n=n/10;
s=s+(n%10);
n=n/10;
s=s+(n%10);
printf(“\nSum of Digits = %d”,s);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter Three Digit Value 123
Sum of Digits = 6
August 3, 2024
C Programming Basic Simple Programs
C Language – Basic Programs
- Ex 1 : My First Basic Program -I
- Ex 2 : My First Basic Program -II
- Ex 3 : My First Basic Program -III
- Ex 4 : Integer & Float Converstion
- Ex 5 : Floating Point Error..
- Ex 6 : Variable Declaration
- Ex 7 : Working With Variable
- Ex 8 : Integer Variable With Scanf-I
- Ex 9 : Integer Variable With Scanf-II
- Ex 10 :Integer Variable With Scanf-III
- Ex 11 :Integer Variable With Scanf-IV
- Ex 12 :Character Variable Declaration
- Ex 13 :String Variable With Scanf Function
- Ex 14 :String Variable With gets Function
- Ex 15 :Combine all Variables
- Ex 16 :Print Employee Information with gotoxy function
Example : 1 Write a Program to print “Hello”

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
/*My First Program – Comment Line */
clrscr();
printf(“Hello”);
getch();
}

Output :

Hello

Go Top

Example : 2

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf(“Hello\nWelcome”);
printf(“\nGoldenjrsinfo”);
printf(“-My Web”);
getch();
}

Output :

Hello
Welcome
Goldenjrsinfo-MyWeb

Go Top

Example : 3

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf(“\nHello 12”);
printf(“\n%d”);
printf(“\n%d”,100);
printf(“\nA=%d”,100);
printf(“\nA=%d+10”,100);
printf(“\nA=%d”,100+10);
getch();
}

Output :

Hello 12
0
100
A=100
A=100+10
A=110

Go Top

Example : 4 Integer & Float Conversions (5/2)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf(“\n1-> %d”,5/2);
printf(“\n2-> 5/2 = %d”,5/2);

/* printf(“\n5/2 = %f”,5/2); This Line is Error */

printf(“\n3-> 5.0/2 = %d”,5.0/2);
printf(“\n4-> 5/0/2 = %f”,5.0/2);
printf(“\n5-> 5.0/2 = %.2f”,5.0/2);
printf(“\n6-> 5/2.0 = %.2f”,5/2.0);
printf(“\n7-> 5.0/2.0=%.2f”,5.0/2.0);
getch();
}

Output :

1-> 2
2-> 5/2 = 2
3-> 5.0/2 = 0
4-> 5/0/2 = 2.500000
5-> 5.0/2 = 2.50
6-> 5/2.0 = 2.50
7-> 5.0/2.0=2.50

Go Top

Example : 5 Floating Point Error….

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
printf(“\n5/2 = %f”,5/2);
/*if Error found this program replace %f into %d”*/
getch();
}

Output :(Press ALT+F9 to compile In Turboc & Press ALT+F5 to see below Message)

printf : floating point formats not linked
Abnormal program termination

Go Top

Example : 6 Variables…..

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
clrscr();
printf(“\n%d”,10);
printf(“\n%d (Garbage Value)”,a);
getch();
}

Output :

10
-28711 (Garbage Value)

Go Top

Example : 7 Variables…..

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
clrscr();
a=10;
printf(“\n%d “,a);
printf(“\nValue = %d”,a);
printf(“\nGiven Value = %d”,a);
getch();
}

Output :

10
Value = 10
Given Value=10

Go Top

Example : 8 Integer Variable with scanf

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
clrscr();
/* a=10;*/
scanf(“%d”,a);
printf(“\n%d “,a);
printf(“\nValue = %d”,a);
getch();
}

Output :if You Type 20 from Keyboard

20

Press Enter…

20
Value = 20

Finally…You can see Output window..

20
20
Value = 20

Go Top

Example : 9 Integer Variable with scanf

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Any Value = “);
scanf(“%d”,a);
printf(“\nEntered Value = %d”,a);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter Any Value =

if You Type 20 from Keyboard

Enter Any Value = 20

Press Enter…

Entered Value = 20

Finally…You can see Output window..

Enter Any Value =20
Entered Value = 20

Go Top

Example : 10 Working With scanf Function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();
scanf(“%d %d”,&a,&b);
printf(“\n%d”,a);
printf(“\n%d”,b);
getch();
}

Output : 1

if You type 10 from Keyboard

10

Press Enter > again please type 20 from Keyboard

10

20

Finally…You can see Output window..

10
20
10
20

Output : 2

press 10 from Keyboard > press spacebar (Don’t Press Enter) > Press 20 from Spacebar

10 20

Press Enter >

10 20

Finally…You can see Output window..

10 20
10
20

Go Top

Example : 11 Working With Scanf ..

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter a Value = “);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
printf(“\nEnter b Value = “);
scanf(“%d”,&b);
printf(“\nA Value = %d”,a);
printf(“\nB Value = %d”,b);
printf(“\nA+B Value = %d”,a+b);
printf(“\nA+10 Value = %d”,a+10);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter a Value =

if You Type 20 from Keyboard

Enter a Value = 10

Press Enter…

Enter a Value = 10

Enter b Value = 10

Press Enter…

Finally…You can see Output window..

Enter a Value = 10
Enter b Value = 20
A Value =10
B Value= 20
A+B Value = 30
A+10 Value = 20

Go Top

Example : 12 Character Variable Declaration

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char ans;
clrscr();
printf(“\n ans = %c”,ans);
ans=’ ‘;
printf(“\n ans= %c”,ans);
printf(“\n ans= %d”,ans); /*Returns ascii value of Space */
ans=’Y’;
printf(“\n ans = %c”,ans);
getch();
}

Output :

ans = Å
ans=
ans= 32
ans = Y

Go Top

Example : 13 String Variable With Scanf Function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char ans;
char myname[15];
clrscr();
printf(“\nEnter Any Character => “);
scanf(“%c”,&ans);
printf(“\nEnter Any Name(String) => “);
scanf(“%s”,&myname);
printf(“\nGiven Character => %c”,ans);
printf(“\nGiven Name => %s”,myname);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter Any Character => M

Enter Any Name(String) => Manoj Kumar

Given Character => M
Given Name => Manoj

Go Top

Example : 14 String Variable With gets Function

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char ans;
char myname[15];
clrscr();

printf(“\nEnter Any Name => “);
scanf(“%s”,&myname);
printf(“\nGiven Name Using Scanf => %s”,myname);

/*
Please add fflush(stdin) before gets function
If Omitted this line,You will get wrong output
If any doubt,remove the fflush(stdid); and run again
*/

printf(“\nEnter Any Name => “);
fflush(stdin);
gets(myname);

printf(“\nGiven Name Using gets => %s”,myname);
getch();
}

Output :

Enter Any Name => Vijay Antony

Given Name Using Scanf => Vijay
Enter Any Name => Vijaya Raj

Given Name Using gets => Vijaya Raj

Go Top

Example : 15 Combine all variables (Emp Info)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{

int empno;
char empname[20];
float salary;
clrscr();
printf(“\nGive the Employee Details”);

printf(“\nEmployee ID = “);
scanf(“%d”,&empno);

printf(“\nEmployee Name =”);
fflush(stdin);
gets(empname);

printf(“\nSalary = “);
scanf(“%f”,&salary);

printf(“\nGiven Emp Details “);
printf(“\nEmp ID=%d , Empname= %s,Salary = %.2f”,empno,empname,salary);

getch();
}

Output :

Give the Employee Details
Employee ID = 101

Employee Name =Rakesh Sharma

Salary = 24000

Given Emp Details
Emp ID=101 , Empname= Rakesh Sharma,Salary = 24000.00

Go Top

Example : 16 print employee information with gotoxy function (Read Carefully)

/*Author : C.Saravana Kumar */
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{

int empno;
char empname[20];
float salary;
clrscr();

/*Syntax of gotoxy function is > gotoxy(Xposition,Yposition) */
/*
————————————– (x) |
|            .(10,1)
|
|
|             .(10,40)          .(60,40)
(y)

(10,1) Means > gotoxy(10,1);
*/
gotoxy(2,2);printf(“Employee ID “);
gotoxy(25,2);scanf(“%d”,&empno);

gotoxy(2,4);printf(“Employee Name “);
gotoxy(25,4);fflush(stdin);gets(empname);

gotoxy(2,6);printf(“Salary “);
gotoxy(25,6);scanf(“%f”,&salary);

gotoxy(2,8);printf(“\nGiven Emp Details “);
gotoxy(2,11);printf(“Emp No”);
gotoxy(9,11);printf(“Emp Name”);
gotoxy(32,11);printf(“Salary”);

gotoxy(2,13);printf(“%d”,empno);
gotoxy(9,13);printf(“%s”,empname);
gotoxy(32,13);printf(“%.2f”,salary);

getch();
}

Output :

Employee ID                101

Employee Name           Tamil Selvan

Salary                         45000

Given Emp Details

Emp No   Emp Name                             Salary

101        Tamil Selvan                           45000.00
August 3, 2024

Sri Ram Capital A/c	Cash A/c
Personal A/c	Real Account
Credit the Giver	Debit What Comes In
Cr. Sri Ram Capital A/c ……………. 50,000	Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 50.000

SBI A/c	Cash A/c
Personal A/c	Real Account
Debit the Receiver	Credit What Goes Out
Dr. SBI A/c ……………. 5,000	Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 5,000

Purchase Goods A/c	Cash A/c
Real A/c	Real Account
Debit What Comes into Business	Credit What Goes Out from Business
Dr. Purchase Goods A/c……………. 1,000	Dr. Cash A/c ……….. 1,000

Purchase Goods A/c	Ganesh A/c
Real A/c	Personal Account
Debit What Comes into Business	Credit the Giver
Dr. Purchase Goods A/c……………. 1,000	Dr. Ganesh A/c……….. 1,000

Telephone Charges	Cash A/c
Nominal A/c	Real Account
Debit All Expenses and Losses	Credit What Goes Out from Business
Dr. Telephone Charges A/c……………. 1,200	Cr. Cash A/c……….. 1,200

SBI A/c	Interest Received A/c
Personal A/c	Nominal Account
Debit the Receiver	Credit all Incomes and Gains
Dr. SBI A/c……………. 1,200	Cr.Interest Received A/c……….. 2,500

Ganesh Supplier A/c	Cash A/c
Personal A/c	Real Account
Debit the Receiver	Credit What Goes Out
Dr. Ganesh Supplier A/c……………. 1,000	Cr. Cash A/c……….. 1,000

Author: Saravana Kumar

Tally Prime – Ledgers and Groups

What is a Ledger?

Examples:

What is a Group?

Examples:

Why Use Ledgers and Groups?

15 Primary Groups

13 Subgroups

Custom Groups

1. Capital Account

2. Reserves & Surplus

3. Loans (Liability)

4. Current Liabilities

5. Current Assets

6. Fixed Assets

7. Investments

8. Branch/Divisions

9. Miscellaneous Expenses (Asset)

10. Suspense Account

11. Sales Accounts

12. Purchase Accounts

13. Direct Incomes

14. Direct Expenses

15. Indirect Incomes

16. Indirect Expenses

17. Sundry Creditors (Under Current Liabilities)

18. Sundry Debtors (Under Current Assets)

19. Cash-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)

20. Bank Accounts (Under Current Assets)

21. Loans & Advances (Asset) (Under Current Assets)

22. Duties & Taxes (Under Current Liabilities)

23. Provisions (Under Current Liabilities)

24. Stock-in-Hand (Under Current Assets)

25. Deposits (Asset) (Under Current Assets)

26. Secured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))

27. Unsecured Loans (Under Loans (Liability))

28. Branch/Division (Under Capital Account)

Golden Rules of Accounting

Type of Accounts

Golden Rules Accounts

Tally Prime 4.0 Installation Step by Step

C Programming – Operators – Part 1

C Programming Basic Simple Programs

C Language – Basic Programs